Gabriel LALANDE

(b. 26 February 1741 , Sainte-Geneviève, Canada, New France d. 24 May 1830 , St-Benoit, Deux-Montagnes, Bas-Canada, Canada )

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Gabriel LALANDE was born 26 February 1741 in Sainte-Geneviève, Canada, New France

Gabriel LALANDE was the child of Charles LALANDE dit LATREILLE and Josephe LACOMBE and the grandchild of: (paternal) Léonard LALANDE dit LATREILLE and Gabrielle BAUNE (BEAULNE) (maternal) Jean LACOMBE and Marguerite DIEL

Spouse(s)/Partner(s) and Child(ren):

Gabriel married Marie-Anne QUEVILLON 5 February 1787 in Sainte-Geneviève, Province of Québec, Canada . Marie-Anne QUEVILLON was born 6 February 1764 in Sainte-Geneviève, Québec, Canada (Pierrefonds)*. Marie-Anne died 18 August 1799 in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Marie-Anne was the child of Joachim QUEVILLON and Marie-Catherine PARENT.

Gabriel LALANDE died 24 May 1830 in St-Benoit, Deux-Montagnes, Bas-Canada, Canada.

m. Aumay Louise
m. Quevillon Marie-Anne

Details of the family tree of Gabriel appear below.

Occupation

Gabriel LALANDE was a Cultivateur, habitant a Ste-Anne de Bellevue.
The farmer, cultivateur, or cultivator, was a person who cultivated and exploited the land in order to get a crop.

He may have been the proprietor of his own parcel(s) of land. He could, depending on the land size, have employed other agricultural workers. If he didn't own the land, he was called a tenant farmer.
Source: tfcq.ca

farmer

Source: Old Sturbridge Village, Sturbridge, Massachusetts

Life as a Cultivateur in 18th Century New France: Tilling the Soil of History

Québec Généalogie - Over time, Québec has gone through a series of name changes
From its inception in the early 1600s until 1760, it was called Canada, New France.
1760 to 1763, it was simply Canada
1763 to 1791 - Province of Québec
1791 to 1867 - Lower Canada
1867 to present - Québec, Canada.

Thanks to Micheline Gadbois MacDonald for providing this information.

Québec Généalogie - The Seigneurial System (1627 - 1854)
The seigneurial system was a form of land settlement modeled on the French feudal system. It began in New France in 1627 with the formation of the Compagnie des Cent-Associés (or Company of 100 Associates), which was initially responsible for handing out land grants and seigneurial rights. The land was divided into five by 15 kilometer plots, usually along major rivers like the St. Lawrence. They were then further subdivided into narrow, but long lots for settlement. These lots were usually long enough to be suitable for faming, and they provided everyone who lived on them with equal access to neighbouring farms and the river. There were three main groups of people who lived off the land in this system: Seigneurs, Habitants and Engagés

Gabriel LALANDE was a habitant.
Habitants were usually farmers or labourers who were initially brought over from France to live on this land. They had to pay rent and taxes to the seigneur, though they co-owned the land with the seigneur, and even had to work entirely for the benefit of the seigneur a few days each year.

Source: Canada in the Making (www.canadiana.ca/citm/index_e.html)

Habitants played an essential role in creating a permanent, settled population along the St. Lawrence River. But it was not an easy life...

Habitants had to clear the land, build a homestead, and plant and harvest a crop. The first task was never-ending, while the last one was annual. Building and repairing the house and barn were continual tasks. So were cutting and hauling firewood. The habitants had to be largely self-reliant in looking after all routine tasks such as cooking, baking, making furniture, and repairing tools. They had to attend to the educational and medical needs of the family. They had to endure the harsh physical climate and rough terrain, largely unaided by government support. The habitants had to pay taxes to the seigneurs and the church.

Canada: The Story of Our Heritage by Elspeth Deir, John Fielding, Nick Brune, Peter Grant, Stephanie Smith Abram; McGraw-Hill Ryerson School, 2000