1865 - July 30 – The steamer Brother Jonathan sinks off the California coast, killing 225.

The sinking of the steamer Brother Jonathan on July 30, 1865, off the coast of California stands as one of the deadliest maritime disasters in the region's history. Carrying 244 passengers and crew, the ship was en route from San Francisco to Portland, Oregon, when it encountered rough seas and dense fog near Crescent City. The treacherous conditions led the vessel to strike an uncharted rock, causing catastrophic damage that quickly sank the ship.

The tragic event resulted in the loss of 225 lives, with only 19 survivors. The Brother Jonathan was known for its luxurious accommodations and was a popular choice for travelers heading north to Oregon and Washington during the Gold Rush era. The sinking led to improved maritime safety measures, including better charting of coastal waters and the establishment of lighthouses to prevent similar tragedies in the future.