, Québec Province, Canada (Quebec)
1775 - Green Mountain Boys, led by Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold, raided Fort Saint-Jean; Second Continental Congress wrote open letter inviting people of Canada to join in Revolution;

In 1775, during the early stages of the American Revolution, the Green Mountain Boys, led by Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold, launched a raid on Fort Saint-Jean in New France (modern-day Quebec). Their attack was part of a broader strategy by the Continental Army to bring the Canadian colonies into the revolution against British rule. The Second Continental Congress had even issued an open letter inviting the people of Canada to join the fight for independence, hoping to expand the rebellion northward.

Following the raid, the Continental Army invaded Quebec, laying siege to Fort Saint-Jean. The fort eventually surrendered, and American forces were able to take Montreal without significant resistance. However, the campaign met a turning point at Quebec City, where the Green Mountain Boys and Continental troops suffered a decisive defeat, failing to capture the city and forcing the Americans to retreat.

The 1775 campaign illustrates the challenges of extending the American Revolution into Canada. Despite early successes in smaller towns and forts, the Americans faced logistical difficulties, harsh winter conditions, and a population largely loyal to Britain or neutral, limiting local support. While the siege temporarily disrupted British control in parts of Quebec, the failure at Quebec City ensured that Canada remained under British rule, shaping the northern boundary of the emerging United States and highlighting the limits of revolutionary ambitions outside the Thirteen Colonies.

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